Cameran Ashraf is head of Human Rights at the Wikimedia Foundation and co-founder of international human rights and technology organization AccessNow. In recognition of his work, the European Parliament selected AccessNow as a finalist for the 2010 Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, the European Union's highest human rights honor.

In 2009 he assembled a team providing digital security and communications tools to thousands of threatened activists and journalists while protecting key websites during Iran's Green Movement, "the first major world event broadcast worldwide almost entirely via social media". This work led Cameran to co-found AccessNow, the world's largest international human rights organization dedicated to defending and extending digital rights.

In 2022, he co-founded the Azadi Archive, one of the largest video archives of the 2022-23 Women, Life, Freedom protests in Iran and part of the Iran Digital Archive Coalition which supports open source investigations of human rights violations, crimes against humanity, and gender based violence with the Atlantic Council, Amnesty International, Mnemonic, UC Berkeley, and UCLA.

Cameran has been invited to speak at Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, UC Berkeley, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and has appeared in the New York Times, National Public Radio, Wired Magazine, and Bloomberg BusinessWeek.

He has advised the United Nations on digital evidence of human rights violations, the International Criminal Court on digital security, and given expert input to the offices of U.S. Senators on internet censorship policy. Cameran is also a member of the OSCE Office of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights' Board of Advisors for Security and Freedom of Religion or Belief and sits on the U.S. State Department's International Religious Freedom or Belief Alliance Council of Experts.

Cameran continues to work for human dignity while leading human rights at the Wikimedia Foundation and through independent academic research. He completed his Ph.D. at UCLA in 2015 on the geopolitics of Internet censorship and cyberwar and was formerly professor of human rights and technology at Central European University in Vienna, Austria.